The Basra Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus griseldis) is a small, migratory songbird that is found in the wetlands along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East. The bird was first discovered in 1913 by ornithologist Ernst Hartert. The Basra Reed Warbler is an elusive species and was not seen again until 2004, being considered extinct in the meantime.
The Basra Reed Warbler is known for its brownish-grey plumage with a tinge of olive-green on its back, and a whitish-buff underbelly. It is about 12 cm long and has a wingspan of up to 20 cm. The bird feeds on insects, spiders, and other invertebrates, and its nests are made up of reeds, grass, and leaves.
In recent years, the species has been listed as endangered due to habitat loss, mainly due to the destruction of wetlands for agricultural and urban expansion. The warbler's population has been recorded to be less than 400 breeding pairs.
The warbler's migration and breeding patterns have also added to its difficulties. It migrates from the breeding grounds in Iraq to spend its winters among the reed beds of central and eastern Africa. Since its breeding and wintering habitats are widely separated, the Basra Reed Warbler loses large parts of its habitat to human activity.
Conservation efforts have been initiated to protect the Basra Reed Warbler. The birds were added to the "Red List" of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2007, and various governments, NGOs, and researchers have taken up efforts to conserve the species' habitat and breeding areas. Experts have stressed that the protection of the Basra Reed Warbler and other migratory bird species is essential for maintaining the ecological balance of this region.
In conclusion, the Basra Reed Warbler's population has declined drastically due to habitat fragmentation caused by human activities. However, conservation efforts are underway to protect the species and its habitat. The bird represents the fragility of natural habitats in the face of human development and underscores the importance of preserving biodiversity.