The Mediterranean Short-toed Lark, also known as Calandra Lark or Melanocorypha Calandra, is a bird species found in the Mediterranean region, extending from Portugal to Turkey and from Morocco to Egypt. This bird is a medium-sized, ground-dwelling lark that prefers open habitats such as fields, meadows, scrublands, and dry grasslands.
This bird is known for its distinctive appearance, short tail, and stout beak. The male bird has a black stripe across its chest, which is absent in the female. Both genders have a brownish-grey plumage, with dark streaks on their backs and wings.
The Mediterranean Short-toed Lark feeds primarily on seeds, grains, and insects. It forages on the ground, walking or running in search of food. It is known to be a polygamous species, with males acquiring multiple partners.
These birds have a unique and impressive song, consisting of several repetitions of melodious whistles and trills. The male bird is known for its aerial displays where it flies in a pattern, singing while on the wing. This display is performed to attract mates or to establish territories.
The Mediterranean Short-toed Lark is classified as a species of Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to its widespread distribution and stable population. However, it is facing habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to agricultural intensification, land-use changes, and urbanization.
Conservation efforts such as the protection of key habitats and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices can help preserve the populations of this bird species. Additionally, raising public awareness about the importance of conserving the Mediterranean Short-toed Lark can also be beneficial in the long run.